Analyzing Pro forma Statements Essay Example for Free

Breaking down Pro forma Statements Essay This money related examination will characterize an activity of what to execute, that would build deals throughout the following five years. It can either be, another market, item, or a corporate extension. An expert forma will be made and utilized for the XYZ Manufacturing Company of a multi year projections. Presumptions will be made to help each detail, to increment or reduction the guage proclamations. There will likewise be translation of the financials, comparable to the activity. Suggestions are to made on the potential optional financing needs. This word examination is the company’s present moment and long haul financing needs, and techniques to enable the organization to deal with their working capital (University of Phoenix, 2014). Star forma proclamations are made by, estimating and joining the salary and equalization into a budget report position. This will decide how the record adjusts are estimated by securing powers that will impact and venture how the records will be affected. These powers are unmistakable as prohibitive obligation understandings, deals, and friends approaches The accompanying outlines beneath is the Pro forma’s process for a five-year projection. This data depends on authentic information gathered from the example give (UOPX, 2014)..There is gained data of an expansion in deals new item as the aftereffect of another item presentation likewise an expansion in the creation limit. The expansion in deals will gain fixed resources with the overabundance money (Parrino, Kidwell, and Bates, 2012) Pro forma Balance Sheet for XYZ Company, INC. All out Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity-$559,608 $649,251 $848,766 $1,,037,172 $1,183,541 In the above monetary record the present resources and current liabilities has expanded in the proportion of deals (Parrino,Kidwell, and Bates, 2012, p90,91. 92) There is likewise an extra increment in the fixed resources. The organization to take out an extra advance to meet the capital extension, and the working capital needs (Parrino, Kidwell, and Bates, 2012) I would suggest that the organization The initial phase in this genius forma fiscal reports is the estimating of deals. Deals consistently impact the present resource and current risk account adjusts. For instance: the record receivable adjusts would need to expand expanded if the firm needs to convey more stock. Through the net revenue, and the profit payout proportion. There is a lot of troublesome in guaging deals, however it is a fundamental, it just rely upon the period of the year, economy and the business There could be numerous different factors too. Reference Parrino, R., Kidwell, D. S., and Bates, T. W. (2012). Essentials of corporate fund (second ed.). Hoboken, N. J.: John Wiley and Sons. College of Phoenix material, (2013) â€Å"Analyzing Pro Forma Statements†

Benefits of Working With a Study Partner

Advantages of Working With a Study Partner One incredible approach to remain on track and procure better evaluations is to combine up with a decent report accomplice. On the off chance that you are not kidding about improving your school execution, this is an incredible method to benefit as much as possible from your examination time. What are a portion of the advantages? 10 Benefits of Having a Study Partner An examination accomplice will assist you with recalling a due date or the date of a test. Always remember another test! Offer schedules with your investigation accomplice and both of you will know when a major venture or paper is due.Your study accomplice can impart cheat sheets to you and test you before a test. Make your paper cards and get together to study or utilize online cheat sheets together.Two heads are superior to one, so your examination accomplice may consider practice article addresses that you didnt think of.Study accomplices can switch papers and pre-grade each other before assignments are turned in. Edit together and share your contemplations and ideas.A study accomplice can have your back on the off chance that you become ill on the day when your paper is expected. Organize early to get and turn in papers for one another in case of an emergency.A study accomplice will see a few techniques or issues that you dont. You will have the option to clarify a portion of the issues to your accomplice consequently. Its an extraordinary exchange off!Your accomplice might have the option to assist you with your examination abilities. Meet your accomplice in the library and figure out how to utilize the assets together. At that point, you can share what you know to enable each other to out. For instance, one accomplice can figure out how to look through databases while the different figures out how to discover books on the racks. You can profit by sharing your qualities. One might be better with sentence structure, while the other is better with numbers, as in discovering measurements to help a case for a contention essay.Study accomplices propel one another and diminish the potential for procrastination.Study accomplices can be there in the event that you overlook significant toolslike a mini-computer, word reference, hued pencils, or note pad paper. An investigation accomplice relationship ought to be valuable to the two understudies, so recollect it is significant for the two accomplices to satisfy their obligations. Hence, it may ​not bode well to accomplice up with your closest companion. Your examination accomplice ought to be an individual who supplements you and your aptitudes.

Why rTMS Might Be Worth Considering If You Have OCD

Why rTMS Might Be Worth Considering If You Have OCD OCD Treatment Print Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation By Owen Kelly, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on August 08, 2019 BSIP/UIG / Getty Images More in OCD Treatment Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Types Living With OCD Related Conditions Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation  (also known as rTMS or Repetitive TMS) is a relatively non-invasive procedure that involves placing a small magnetic device directly on the skull. This sealed device contains a coil of wire that carries electricity and produces a magnetic field similar in strength to a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. The flow of electricity that pulses through the device to targeted areas causes cells in the brain called neurons to become either more or less active. How rTMS Works The activity level of neurons has been linked to symptoms of mental illness, like obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), which helps explain the theory behind rTMS.  Specific brain regions can be stimulated repeatedly to cause long-lasting changes in the activity of the neurons. It is thought that these changes may lead to a decrease in symptoms, though the treatment is new enough that studies are still being done. The side of the brain and brain area targeted often depends on the illness being treated. History of the Treatment rTMS was initially introduced in 1985 as a less damaging form of the older and much more invasive electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). In 2008, the FDA approved it for use in the United States with depression that has not been treatable with at least one medication. It has also been approved in New Zealand, Australia, Canada, Israel, and the European Union for use with depression that does not respond to other treatment. The effectiveness of rTMS for other disorders, such as schizophrenia, stroke, brain injury, anxiety, migraine, and pain is still being researched. Safety and Side Effects rTMS is generally considered safe when used in accordance with established guidelines, although some patients report experiencing headaches, scalp discomfort, light-headedness or muscle tightness or tingling. An epileptic seizure is more serious, although rare, side effect of TMS and usually only occurs if the patient has a history of seizures.  rTMS cannot be used in patients who have a pacemaker or certain metal implants or devices. What You Can Expect Repetitive TMS treatments can be given once a day or many times a day for days or weeks at a time, depending on the treatment protocol. Typically, sessions last anywhere from 20-60 minutes and are given five days a week for about six weeks. No anesthesia is used, meaning that you are awake, but it is painless, though you may feel a light tapping or knock in the head. You may choose to wear earplugs since the treatment tends to be noisy. The treatments long-term effects seem to last for at least six months, though a maintenance therapy, such as a medication or psychotherapy, may be needed as well. Further treatments may be necessary later if symptoms return. Your doctor will continue to monitor you after completing treatment. Because its effectiveness is variable and not well-established, rTMS is not used as a primary treatment. However, because it is so non-invasive and has few side effects, it can be a good option for people in search of alternative ways to combat mental illness or pain, particularly if other treatments have failed. Talk to your physician about whether or not rTMS might be right for you.

Junk Food in Schools - 1281 Words

Junk Food in Schools There is something wrong when salsa passes as a vegetable in the school cafeteria and students can buy soda and candy from vending machines on campus. With this in mind we can only begin to wonder what the future holds for todays adolescents. When students are exposed to a life of poor nutrition, the result can be obesity and regrets (CBC, 2006). For countless children, breakfast or lunch drops out of a vending machine at school. This can be a can of soda, perhaps washing down a chocolate bar followed by a bag of potato chips. Students may be junk food junkies but the schools are hooked as well and have become increasingly dependent on the revenue that soda and candy machines bring in each year (Mueller, 2007).†¦show more content†¦Just as understandable is the desire to do something to stem the tide. One action, embraced by a number of schools across the nation is substituting supposedly healthier foods for so-called junk foods and beverages in school vending machines. With that in mind what is considered healthier food? Vending machines cant spit out fresh fruit, vegetables, or a wholesome whole-wheat sandwich that our children require for a healthier lifestyle. So what do they really have to offer our children? Maybe they replace soda with juice, but juice is still loaded with sugar. After a couple of juice s each day from the vending machine on top of the larger than normal portion sizes from other foods we obtain from the machine we are still looking at children with health issues, obesity being the main one (Mueller, 2007). With soaring levels of childhood obesity in American children it has prompted an expert panel to recommend new nutritional standards for the nations schools. Banning junk food from schools is being seen as the first step in tacking the obesity crisis in children. As in adults there is no quick and easy way for kids to lose weight. For this reason we should take the initiative while we can to change the ongoing nutrition problems within our schools today. One step could be providing a lunch this way you are able to monitor what your teenager receivesShow MoreRelatedJunk Food in Schools1480 Words   |  6 Pages TAL 201 May 6, 2013 Current Issues Paper Junk Food In Schools Introduction Although not easy to admit, it is a fact that a big percentage of the world’s population today likes junk food. Many people have become accustomed to eating foods with high levels of refined sugars, processed grains, and a number of other unhealthy ingredients (Trice, 2010). Essentially, companies have replaced nature’s own ingredients with highly processed products and chemicals to reduce costs, extend shelf lifeRead MoreEssay On Junk Food In Schools1222 Words   |  5 Pages90 percent of school lunches refrain from serving fresh foods (â€Å"The Real Problem with Lunch†). School lunches are no longer prepared from scratch easily now entrusted to highly processed foods. Clearly, one-third of American children’s diet consists of fast food (â€Å"The Real Problem with Lunch†). Junk foods in schools have become a profound issue in many states of the US. Laws have been formulated to forbid unwholesome meals by expelling or reducing the accessibility of related foods held by the institutesRead MoreThe Importance Of Junk Food In Schools771 Words   |  4 PagesWhy â€Å"Junk Food† should stay in school It’s been said in multiple states across America that the junk food sold in schools is causing many problems. Problems such as unhealthy habits, affecting the brain, and childhood obesity. The government and many school districts have done multiple things to reduce/stop the problem. They have done research dealing with the junk food and tried banning junk food, which many school districts did not continue with. Junk food should not be banned in schools becauseRead MoreShould Junk Food Be Banned in Schools1647 Words   |  7 PagesMay 2013 Should Junk Food Be Banned in schools? My aunt, who has been in New York City for more than 20 years, told me that in the past, she always made her two sons’ lunches to take to school during school years which was more nutritive and less expensive. Her sons at that time were energetic and played outside a lot. But soon after, they did not bring their own lunches anymore. They asked for money from my aunt to purchase food in school canteens. Possibly my aunt thoughtRead MoreShould Junk Food Be Banned at School1699 Words   |  7 PagesShould junk food be allowed at school? Junk food is generally defined as â€Å"a diet high in processed foods and soft drinks† (Wiles et al., 2009, p.1). By definition, junk food contains artificial food colorings and preservatives, including fast food, oily foods, snacks and high sugary beverage. Students usually eat snacks between meals. According to McPhail et al. (2011), the snacking habit among students has increased in the past twenty years. This means students are taking more junk food in a higherRead MoreJunk Food Ban in Schools Essay722 Words   |  3 PagesAt the moment there is a restriction on junk food in schools for example vending machines in your school have changed from chocolate bars and crisps to nutri-grain bars and drinks. Junk food is not served as frequently and you may feel disappointed about this. I think the ban is a good thing since statistics show by the middle of the century, 2050, two-thirds of children will be overweight or obese if nothing is done. I wouldn’t like to be one of the people in those two-thirds and neither wouldRead MoreJunk Food Should Be Mandatory For School Schools1354 Words   |  6 Pagesit (Josh Billings, 1865). A healthy lifestyle is dependent on the choices of an individual s diet. Junk food will fulfill the desire of one for a short period of time. However, a healthy and maintained body will fulfill the need throughout one s entire life. Therefore, is maintaining an unhealthy diet full of sugar and life-threatening junk the perceptive decision? As perceived, healthy food habits are not something that should be averted, thinking it is petty. In fact, it is a serious matterRead MoreJunk Food Should Be Banned In Schools774 Words   |  4 Pagesor not junk food should be banned in schools. One side believes that students have the freedom to choose whatever they what to eat. While the other side argues that junk food needs to be replaced by a healthier alternative. There are plenty of different arguments that these sides believes i n. For the concern of the health and wellness of the students, schools must completely ban all junk food in school. It has been implied by a number of news sources and other people that school junk food bans areRead MoreJunk Food Lurking In Schools: Can It Be Stopped? Essay1137 Words   |  5 Pagesyour children off to school, you might worry about bullying or about their academic performance, but you generally don’t consider their lunch-time meal to be a potential problem. Now imagine, for a moment, your son or daughter is given the option between a juicy cheeseburger with greasy French fries and a healthier chicken salad. It’s a no-brainer what choice they will make. Now, stop imagining because you don’t have to. Instances like this are a reality everyday in many school cafeterias. In 2005Read MoreHigh Schools Should Be Able to Sell Junk Food843 Words   |  4 PagesHigh schools should be able to sell candy, chips and soft drink. If â€Å"variety is a spice of life† than why shouldn’t it apply to younger people? Recently schools have been taking into consideration depriving students of branded â€Å"unhealthy† foods in canteens such as candy, chips and lollies. They condemn junk food as the cause for obesity and believe that by banning it completely, the problem will disappear. Banning junk food from schools won’t change anything or stop people from being overweight

Essay about U.S. Economy - 963 Words

The United States economy is currently not looking very good. Over the past couple of months the economy has taken a turn for the worst and we could be headed into a recession in the coming months or years. The biggest problems are in the real estate and mortgage markets. In 1999, housing prices rose at huge rates and lenders began offering riskier mortgages, which caused homeowners to keep piling up huge debts. People were taking out loans and balloon mortgage payments that they really could not afford. The problem began in late 2007, when housing prices began to fall and the system fell apart causing huge numbers of defaults on home loans and foreclosures. Currently, 5.6% of mortgages are delinquent, the highest rate in 21 years, and†¦show more content†¦The housing crisis that I mentioned earlier and resulting backlash through the entire economy has been building for awhile now but it has just came into the forefront in the past couple of weeks. We really havenâ€℠¢t faced a downturn like this since the Depression. Last Tuesday, January 22, the Dow Jones industrial average fell almost 600 points and was already down 9% in 2008 (Gross 1). Immediately the Federal Reserve took action and cut the interest rates three-quarters of a percentage point, the biggest cut in 24 years. Today, not even a week later, the Fed again cut interest rates, this time by a half-point (Aversa 1). This move is an effort to keep the economy out of a recession by getting money back into the banks and encouraging them to keep lending credit to turn the economy upward. Whether or not it will work remains to be seen in the coming months. The government also announced another move to a couple weeks ago to help get the economy going again and avoid or slow down a recession. President Bush and the House are currently developing a $145 billion stimulus plan that would give tax relief to citizens by sending them individual checks for $300 and up. The plan would put over $100 billion into the hands of consumers and the government hopes that money would be spent and put back into the economy (Wolf 1). While all these things are good news for the struggling economy, most economic experts believe that a recession of some kind may be impossible to avoidShow MoreRelatedU.s. Economy s Economy1330 Words   |  6 Pages1 U.S. ECONOMY U.S. ECONOMY CRISIS Sheryle Leonard Colorado Christian University 2 U.S. ECONOMY Abstract The state of the U.S. economy has an impact on every American. There has been economic depression in this country since the collapse of the housing market in 2007, that has seen widespread unemployment and home foreclosure combined with conservative consumer spending. Research conducted through financial new websites, government reports and survey provided information on where the economy standsRead MoreU.s. Economy s Economy8463 Words   |  34 PagesEXECUTIVE SUMMARY Macro Economy The U.S. economy was stagnant during the last decade primarily due to the two recessions that occurred from March to November 2001 and from December 2007 to June 2009. The two recessions resulted in weak GDP growth, zero net job growth and a decrease in household wealth that eradicated any gains in household wealth accumulated during expansionary periods. Over the next year the unemployment rate is expected to decline at a slow pace keeping consumer confidence lowRead MoreU.s. Trade And Economy1293 Words   |  6 Pages US TRADE AND ECONOMY Then and Now Oshin Nandal 1001111637 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY As we know US went from being a net exporter to a net importer in a short span of time. Currently US economy is strong but with lots of debt. These changes in trade gap and debt were caused basically due to other developing nations coming up with low cost manufacturing system and thus US ended importing products from other countries. Also many US manufacturers moved their factories abroad due to cheap laborRead MoreIllegal Immigration, the Drain on the U.S. Economy1528 Words   |  7 PagesIllegal Immigration, the Drain on the U.S. Economy Peter Fern COM/150 02-12-2012 Shelli Meade Illegal Immigration, the Drain on the U.S. Economy The amount of money that comes out of your pocket for schooling, incarceration, jobs lost, and maintaining the medical system in the United States because of illegal immigrants may be more than people know. During the past few decades, the influx of illegal immigrants has risen dramatically. Illegal immigrants put a huge strainRead MoreCurrent State Of The U.s. Economy1342 Words   |  6 PagesCurrent State of the U.S. Economy A nation’s economy plays a vital role in how a nation operates. The United States economy faces a large variety of problems in this paper; we will focus on 4 major economic problems, unemployment, inequality, federal debt, and the financial/credit market. All four issues are interconnected in some way with deep social and economic implications. These issues were emphasized during the Great Recession that hit the U.S. economy in 2007.In the following paper, we willRead MoreAmerican Manufacturing and the U.S Economy Essay702 Words   |  3 Pagesand Ford became widely known and promoted. American manufacturing became synonymous with quality, greatness, and reliability. However, manufacturing in the U.S has started to plummet as the economy has begun this recession. It may seem as if the country that used to make everything is really on the edge of making virtually nothing. U.S. jobs in manufacturing have been vanishing at a fast rate and unemployment percent is on the rise, but despite the vanishing jobs Americans’ productivityRead MoreMacroeconomic Outlook of U.S. Economy Essay1835 Words   |  8 PagesMacroeconomic outlook of U.S. economy For every four to six years U.S economy faces an economic slowdown. Thus the current market is now in forth year. The root of U.S. crisis and its economy can be traced backed to 2007, when U.S housing bubble burst which yields a financial meltdown in 2008. In average, the American trying to make ends meet in 2014, a market and a recession will probably look and feel the same. In early 2008, when the financial crisis began, then the U.S. national debt stood atRead MoreOutsourcing American Jobs Hurt U.s. Economy Essay1672 Words   |  7 PagesOutsourcing American Jobs Hurt U.S. Economy The dawn of the outsourcing era. Many large U.S. corporations cultivates outsourcing faster than we can imagine. The trend that began in the late 1970 and picked up speed in the 1900s with the opening trade with China, India, and Eastern Europe (â€Å"Outsourcing: What’s the true Impact†). In its broadest sense, outsourcing is simply contracting out functions that had been done in-house—a longtime U.S. practice (â€Å"Globalization: Threat or Opportunity†). SubsequentlyRead MoreOutsourcing American Jobs Hurt U.s. Economy1560 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican Jobs Hurt U.S. Economy Globalization is the integration of markets through the cooperation of internalization, federal, and state governments with corporate companies to provide low-cost products. Subsequently, outsourcing is an essential part of this globalization. However, what exactly is outsourcing? In its broadest sense, outsourcing is simply contracting out functions that had been done in-house—a longtime U.S. practice (â€Å"Globalization: Threat or Opportunity†). When a U.S. manufacture productRead MorePositive and Negative Impacts of the U.S. Economy on the World943 Words   |  4 PagesWhat are the positive and negative impacts of the U.S. economy on the world? Introduction: The USA is the leader of the earthly concern economy. It has the largest and strongest economy in the world, because United States has GDP per capita $49,800 (The World Factbook). The USA is an engine of world economy, the reason of changing and permutation of economic situation. The United States of America very strongly influences world economy. Many international and world transactions pass in US dollar

Retail Services Characteristics Free Essays

In this paper the most common services characteristics, namely perishability, intangibility, inseparability and heterogeneity will be applied to a well – known retail services brand. In this case the focus shall be on how the aforementioned characteristics apply to Starbucks. In order to better understand the problem the history of the company alongside current corporate objectives will be briefly described. We will write a custom essay sample on Retail Services Characteristics or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the following paragraphs the notice will be mainly on the retailer’s ability to cope with the theory’s implications. The first Starbucks coffee shop was opened in 1971 in Seattle. The name was inspired by Moby Dick and the logo which has now become somehow of a cult figure is a twin-tailed mermaid. However it wasn’t until 1987 when a major breakthrough came and the brand started to receive a world – wide recognition. In August, Howard Schultz backed with the capital from local investors bought the Starbucks. Since then the company grew in an exponential manner which resulted in opening more than 16,000 stores in over 55 countries to this day. Similar as the majority of large enterprises Starbucks also incorporates its own business and social objectives. The goal is to project the brand image in a consumer and environmental friendly way. Their mission statement is to inspire and nurture the human spirit through their exceptional service and high quality coffee. In a very holistic approach they are aiming to improve every aspect of the business, from the customers and employees to the suppliers and shareholders. Moving on from this brief description of Starbucks the focus will now shift to the retail services characteristics, more precisely on intangibility and its implications. Experts agree that a service is intangible because the customer cannot sense it (Newman and Cullen, 2002). It is an abstraction which cannot be directly examined before the purchase. In the case of most goods a prospective buyer is able to inspect the quality of the good by relying on his senses, whereas a pure service has to be purchased and consumed to fully verify its quality. The level of services’ tangibility can be seen from tangible goods, which are included and consumed within the service offer, it can also be extracted from the physical environment which surrounds the service or with the tangible evidence of the service performance (Palmer, 2005). In the case of various food and drink outlets, goods form an important component of a service offer. This also applies to Starbucks and therefore it is possible to place it somewhere in the middle of the tangible to intangible service dominant scale (Shostack, 1977). Starbucks uses scent of fresh coffee to attract customers and make them sense a tangible good which can be purchased at the premises. The physical environment also plays a big part in customer’s perception of service quality. Starbucks acknowledged this and therefore their outlets are usually very well furnished with comfortable chairs, Wi-Fi and other features which give a customer a sense of quality and comfort. Tangibility can be further provided with the evidence of service production methods. This is certainly the case in Starbucks where you can see the whole process of making a cup of coffee. A lack of physical evidences of services quality can increase the level of uncertainty that a customer faces when choosing between competing services. However, Starbucks developed a strong brand associated with quality of services provided and the company values therefore creating a positive image in consumers’ perception. From describing how intangibility applies to Starbucks we shall now turn the attention to another service characteristic, namely heterogeneity. Services heterogeneity means that the quality of services depends on who provides them as well as when, where and how they are provided. Products can be standardized and basically the same for every customer. However, services on the other hand can be delivered in different ways, regarding on customer’s personal requirements. The service must normally be produced in the presence of the customer without the possibility of intervening quality control. Specific problems can occur where staff is involved in providing services on a one-to-one basis. In these cases no easy method of monitoring or control is possible. There are two particular aspects of heterogeneity which are relevant to the services. The first one is the extent to which production standards vary from a norm, both in terms of outcomes and of production processes. The second one is the extent to which a service can deliberately be varied to meet the specific needs of particular customers (Palmer, 2005). In order to tackle the aforementioned aspects of heterogeneity and also to satisfy customer needs retailers usually standardize the service as much as possible without noticeably affecting the perceived customer value. Many service organizations have reduced variability by adopting equipment-based production methods or by offering already prepared menus or meals. However Starbucks took a slightly different approach here then some fast-food outlets. They are offering more than 87,000 different drink combinations. With that in mind they cannot simply standardize the whole process of coffee making. Customers want to see consistency and quality in their stores so for that purpose they offer their front-line staff a basic training and they are also using some motivation tools to enhance staff performance. So for instance they refer to their employees as partners and their pay package is called â€Å"Your special blend†. The heterogeneity of service output can sometimes pose problems for brand-building in services compared to tangible goods. However Starbucks cope with these problems quite well through their excellent staff to management relation which results, again in a strong brand personality. From heterogeneity we shall now shift our attention to another characteristic, which is perishability. Perishability applies to services because unlike goods services cannot be stored for later use. So for an example a factory which produces cars and is unable to sell all its output in the current period can carry forward stocks to sell in a subsequent period. The only significant costs are storage and financing or the possibility of loss through obsolescence. However on the contrary, a producer of a service which is unable to sell all of its output produced in the current period gets no chance to carry it forward for sale in a subsequent period. A great example of perishability is an airline company. For instance if the plane departs at twelve o’clock and the airline company didn’t sell all the available seats, then it is impossible to sell the rest since the plane is already in the air. Another problem which defines perishability is the demand pattern through time. Demand fluctuates because of many reasons however most common reasons for inconsistency of demand occur during the day, week and season. A typical example of seasonal fluctuation of demand is tourism. During the summer the demand for holidays is often off-peak and hotels by the sea are required to bring in extra work-force. On the other hand the demand in winter is significantly lower and some hotels are therefore unused. Inability to store services and short-term supply inelasticity are leading causes for perishability of services. As mentioned before problems occur when demand pattern is irregular. It can also happen where there is requirement for â€Å"just-in-time† production of service or if demand is not managed effectively (Palmer, 2005). Services providers are trying to even the demand with the use of pricing and promotion or with locating places where demand is more or less even during the day, such as it is in city centres or busy airports. Problems with storing the services have now also been reduced with recent advancement of technology (Newman and Cullen, 2002). For instance Starbucks uses RFID technology to track perishable food delivered to its cafes thus ensuring freshness of products. Starbucks is usually located there where demand is relatively constant, such as shopping centres and airports and they are also using a lot of promotions ensuring a steady demand through the day. Even their menu is adapted to different seasons of the year. It does not consist only of hot drinks but they also offer other trendy beverages such as smoothies and a variety of bottled drinks which are suitable for hot summer days. Now we shall take a look at the last of four services characteristics. Inseparability of services should be the main topic through the following paragraphs. Inseparability means that the service is produced and consumed at the same time. Both, buyer and seller must be present for the exchange to occur (Newman and Cullen, 2002). The service provider is at the same time also a marketer and promotes both the service and the company. Interaction is of extreme importance in services and therefore the key to success is competent personnel. Inseparability of services leads to customers being co-producers and often being co-consumers of the service with other consumers. They are also usually required to travel to the service provider. This results in management to attempt to separate production and consumption. They are also trying to manage the consumer to producer interaction and improve the service delivery system. Starbucks is a typical example of services inseparability. They are offering a wide range of beverages and customers can choose their own mix. That means that customers are contributing in the production process of a cup of coffee. As mentioned before Starbucks normally furnish their stores in a very comfortable way which means that a lot of customers are consuming the product there, which results in being a co-consumer. Starbucks stores are often located in city centres and this means that customers have to travel there to receive the service. Maybe in the future Starbuck will offer delivering their products to customers home, but this could possibly take away the charm of visiting a Starbucks coffee shop. However, they are already improving their service system with the opening of drive thru stores. In conclusion it is possible to say that all four services characteristics can be applied to Starbucks. However, some are more visible than others. Starbucks developed an extremely strong brand image and a loyal global population of consumers. This has established them as one of the biggest brands in the world. Through excellent quality of their products, care for the environment and bringing back the sense of community they have already become a household name. They are coping very well with all the services characteristic implications and are always striving for perfection. They are a prime example of the so called â€Å"cultural capitalism† and are setting an example for many companies. References: Adrian Palmer, 2005. Principles of services marketing, 4th edition. Berkshire: McGraw-Hill Education Andrew J Newman and Peter Cullen, 2002. Retailing: environment operations. London: Cengage Learning Starbucks, 2011. Our heritage [online] Available at: http://www. starbucks. com/about-us/our-heritage [Accessed 16 April 2012 ]. RSA animate, 2010. Slavoj Zizek, First as tragedy, then as farce Available at: http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=hpAMbpQ8J7g [Accessed 16 April 2012 ]. Starbucks, 2011. Our mission statement [online] Available at: http://www. starbucks. com/about-us/company-information/mission-statement [Accessed 16 April 2012 ]. Des Monk, Daniella Ryding, (2007),†Service quality and training: a pilot study†, British Food Journal, Vol. 109 Iss: 8 pp. 627-636 G. Lynn Shostack, 1977. Breaking Free from Product Marketing, Journal of Marketing, [online] Available at: http://www. jstor. org/discover/10. 307/1250637? uid=24747uid=3738032uid=2134uid=373370127uid=2uid=70uid=3uid=373370117uid=24745uid=5910784uid=67uid=62uid=60sid=47698847505567 [Accessed 16 April 2012 ]. Lena Goldkuhl, Maria Styven, (2007),†Sensing the scent of service success†, European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 41 Iss: 11 pp. 1297-1305 Marketingmagazine. co. uk, 2011. Starbucks to open 200 drive-thru stores [online] Available at: h ttp://www. marketingmagazine. co. uk/news/1107181/Starbucks-open-200-drive-thru-stores/ [Accessed 17 April 2012 ]. Pedro M. Reyes, Patrick Jaska, (2007),†Is RFID right for your organization or application? â€Å", Management Research News, Vol. 30 Iss: 8 pp. 570-580 Starbucks, 2011. Store design [online] Available at: http://www. starbucks. com/coffeehouse/store-design [Accessed 17 April 2012 ]. Starbucks, 2011. Working at Starbucks [online] Available at: http://www. starbucks. com/career-center/working-at-starbucks [Accessed 17 April 2012 ]. Superbrands. co. uk, 2012. Starbucks [pdf] Available at: http://www. superbrands. uk. com/starbucks [Accessed 17 April 2012 ]. How to cite Retail Services Characteristics, Essay examples

Why Americans change in religious preferences Essay Example

Why Americans change in religious preferences Essay Just recently, a couple of months back, the issue regarding Americans change in religious preferences has been discussed and reported nationally. Most newspapers have integrated this phenomenon to their news due to a lot of developing information about Americans changing their religious affiliations. The growing numbers through the years with regards to this issue have attracted nationwide clamor. This trend among religious affiliations has developed through the years and has created a huge effect on America. Realizing and analyzing the reasons behind these changes in religious affiliations can help understand what was done wrong and what ideas were misunderstood.THESIS STATEMENTWhat are the reasons why Americans change their religious affiliations?PEW SURVEYThe PEW Survey was the most recent survey that hit the news. This survey attracted the nation and raised awareness among the issue of   change in religious affiliations.â€Å"More than a quarter of adult Americans have left th e faith of their childhood to join   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   another religion or no religion, according to a new survey of religious affiliation by   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   the Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life. The report, titled â€Å"U.S. Religious    Landscape Survey,† depicts a highly fluid and diverse national religious life. If shifts   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   among Protestant denominations are included, then it appears that 44 percent of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Americans have switched religious affiliations.† (Banerjee, 2008).Scholars have stressed, for at least a generation, that there is an increase in Americans moving among faith while there is an erosion in denominational loyalty. Tracking religious affiliations is not conducted by the United States   Census, but the survey from PEW which was based from interviews of more than 35,000 Americans, suggests the truth among the trend that the scholars have been stressing.During the 1980s, an indication from 5 percent to 8 percent of the American population identified themselves as unaffiliated with a certain or specific religion. This was conducted by the General Social Survey by the National Opinion Research Center.â€Å"In the Pew survey 7.3 percent of the adult population said they were unaffiliated with    a faith as children. That segment increases to 16.1 percent of the population in   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   adulthood, the survey found. The unaffiliated are largely under 50 and male. â€Å"Nearly   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   one-in-five men say they have no formal religious affiliation, compared with roughly   Ã‚   13 percent of women,† the survey said.† (Banerjee, 2008).The most affected group are the ones from the Catholic Church. Almost one-third of the survey takers said they were raised as Catholics and have no longer view themselves as such. Among the data given, it can be concluded that roughly 10 percent are former Catholics from th e American population.Immigration also plays a key role in this matter. Most immigrants are Christian and Catholics are almost half. The Muslims challenge the Mormons for acquiring the biggest families. While the Hindus are the most-educated and among the most affluent religious affiliation that the survey showed.â€Å"Experts said the wide-ranging variety of religious affiliation could set the stage for   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   further conflicts over morality or politics, or new alliances on certain issues, as   Ã‚   religious people have done on climate change or Jews and Hindus have done over   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   relations between the United States, Israel and India.† (Benerjee, 2008).The Key findings from the survey:â€Å"Faith is fluid: 44% say theyre no longer tied to the religious or secular upbringing of   Ã‚   their childhood. Theyve changed religions or denominations, adopted a faith for the    first time or abandoned any affiliation a ltogether.† (Grossman, 2008)â€Å"Nothing matters: 12.1% say their religious identity is nothing in particular,   Ã‚  Ã‚   outranking every denomination and tradition except Catholics (23.9%) and all groups   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   of Baptists (17.2%). â€Å" (Gorssman, 2008).â€Å"Protestants are fading: 51.3% call themselves Protestant, but roughly one-third of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   this group were unable or unwilling to describe their denomination. Immigrants   Ã‚   sustain Catholic numbers: 46% of foreign-born U.S. adults are Catholics, compared   Ã‚   with only 21% of native-born adults. Latinos are now 45% of all U.S. Catholics ages   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   18-29.† (Grossman, 2008).GIVEN DATA ABOUT RELIGIONSAccording to the American Religious Identification Survey or ARIS, the proportion of Americans who are Christians during the year 1990 is 86% and by the the year 2001 it dipped to 77%. The United States is going through an unprecedented chang e in religious practices. Many Americans are changing affiliations or disaffiliating from their religions due to some various reasons.During a 2001 polling data conducted by the American Religious Identification Survey, there were 81% American adults who identify with a specific religion during the year 2001. 76.5% or 159 million of them are Christians. As of May 2007, the percentage dipped to 71% for Christians. By the end of the year of 2008, it is expected to fall below 70%. It could be concluded that by the year 2042, non-Christians will outnumber the Christian in the United States.Also by 2001, there were 52% of Americans who were Protestant, 24.5% were Roman Catholic, 1.3% were Jewish, while 0.5% were Muslims or followers of Islam. Also during the year 2001, according to ARIS, the fastest growing religion in America is Micca (a neopagan religion). While there are various religions in America, there are 14.1% of Americans who do not follow any organized religion.According to th e ARIS survey, about 16% of adult subjects interviewed have changed their religious affiliations. The Baptists picked the largest number at 4.4 million but they also lost 4.6 million. The Catholics lost the greatest number at 9.5 million but also picked up 4.3 million.REASONS FOR CHANGEMarriage also affects this issue. The inter-faith marriages are also causes of change in affiliation. The idea of love and romance overpowers the principles of some people towards their religion, thats why when they get married to people from another religion they usually give up their own religion rather than give up their love.Political affiliations also affect religious affiliations. One example is that 59% of the Assemblies of God followers prefer the republicans. Republicans have 13% who are Jews, while 9% are Buddhists. Democrats on the other hand have 56% Jews.Americans going to adulthood is the course of life when they are most open to religious change and growth. It is at this phase when most Americans convert to another religion. The instability of this phase in life was pinpointed at the General Social Survey.Various reasons have been attributed to the waning religiosity. Most common are the secularization of higher education in college and the guilt caused by the religious deviation from the norms taught by parents. When Americans go to college, the university classrooms give them expanded horizons which becomes the breeding ground to rethink their religious beliefs. The new found freedom leads to the opportunity to stop religious activities like going to church they used to do. Suddenly, they become uninteresting to them and they become curious about other beliefs and at times motivated by their peers which place them at odds with their religious teachings. So it can be further said , new found freedom usually found in colleges or social institution or a certain age group can promote secularization which in turn may lead to stop believing and change affiliation with regards to religion.Other reasons why Americans change their affiliations are the following:-  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Poor religious instruction – some do not even   understand why they are in that religion in the first place which happens to most Catholics. These misunderstandings about their original religions create conflict among a person and confuses him or her and his or her principles. This confusion leads to a search for a better answer or a clearer view of religion. Some people tend to change their religion due to this. Instead of trying to understand more the original religion, they result to find a new one, one that they consider as a more understandable one.-  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Assimilation to American culture where there is strong individualism,choosing their own religious identity. Americans are one of the people in the world who has the strongest individualistic ideas. This individualism leads to freedom and this freedom leads to a more self-expressive form of identity. Being individualistic can be incorporated to having to want a self-learned religion, and not a religion that is passed on from generations.-  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Many finds the faith unreasonable and therefore unbelievable which does not make sense to most Americans and would seem irrational that leads to change of faith. The idea of not believing in ones religion is reason enough for change.-  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another cause can be attributed to Americans being mobile people. During their lifetime theyre likely to change addresses due to changing jobs. So they meet people from other religious faith who influences their beliefs. Many things can happen and many people can affect our lives, these are the life-changing events that can alter a mans views and principles in life. Moving from different places cause different gathered ideas and varying opinions about different subject matters including religion.-  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã ‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Immigration is another key factor for this change of religious affiliation. A fair percent of the American population are immigrants. People from other countries affect Americans and their beliefs. The growing number of immigrants also equal the growing number with regards to the change in affiliations. This diversity affects the wholeness of a certain religion and suggests more division or change.CONCLUSIONReligion is important for a mans spiritual life. It can be accounted that it has existed for thousands and thousands of years. The changes in religion is a reflection of the changes in time. The United States of America is one country who has been long regarded as having diverse people and diverse religion. The percentages shown by recent surveys have raised awareness among people. The changes in affiliations is caused by the changes of time. The world is changing rapidly and religious preferences is not exempted from it.There are a lot reasons that conjure up the not ion of change in religious affiliation in America. It can be due to peoples personal reasons or it can be social, political, racial, or just simply individual. These factors for example: marrying a person from a different religion, or cultural diversity, are reasons that support the over-all idea of change. The world is evolving in a lot of aspects, and America is one country that adapts to change.It is hard to come up with one single reason for Americans changing their religious affiliations, but the effect of globalization could also be one big factor. This globalization is the spread of different cultural ideas around the world. The rich and diverse culture of America has adapted to globalization and modern trends. The traditionalist Americans have been affected by the challenges of the modern times and their religions are also challenged along the way.So, America is adapting to change and religion is not an exception. There are many reasons to back this thought up. But the main points are, Americans have freedom, individualistic ideas and adaptive thinking. Americans have been affected by change and changing religious affiliations is one solution that some Americans conclude as one answer for it.WORKS CITEDBanerjee, Neela. â€Å"Americans Change Faiths at Rising Rate, Report Finds†. The New York   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Times, 25 February 2008. ;http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/25/us/25cnd-  Ã‚   religion.html?incamp=article_popular_2;.Caplovitz, David. The Religious Drop-outs: Apostasy among College Graduates, Beverly   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Hills, CA: Sage, 1977.Grossman, Cathy Lynn. â€Å"Survey: Americans freely change, or drop, their religions†. USA   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Today, 25 February 2008. ;http://www.usatoday.com/news/religion/2008-02-25-  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   survey_N.htm;â€Å"Study: Nearly Half of Americans Change Their Religious Beliefs†. 26 February 2008. Foxnews. ;http://www.foxnews.com/story /0,2933,332590,00.html;.â€Å"U.S. Religious Landscape Survey†. The Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life. 12 May   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   2008. ;http://religions.pewforum.org/reports;.